Federal registration · interactive overview

Trademark Registration Overview

This overview follows a federal trademark application from early mark selection and clearance through filing, examination, publication, registration, and maintenance. Select a milestone for an explanation, and open a route to see how an Office Action, opposition, or intent-to-use filing changes the path.

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Common questions

The short answers.

How long does federal trademark registration take?

Most applications take twelve to eighteen months from filing to registration when no office action or opposition arises. Refusals, oppositions, and intent-to-use filings extend that timeline.

Do I need to be using a mark before I apply?

No. An intent-to-use application can be filed before use begins, but the mark must be in use in commerce, and a statement of use filed, before the registration issues.

What is the difference between a standard character mark and a design mark?

A standard character mark protects the words alone, in any font or style. A design mark protects a logo or stylized presentation as shown. Many businesses file both when the budget allows.

Does a business need an attorney to file a trademark application?

Applicants domiciled in the United States may file on their own; applicants domiciled outside the United States must use a U.S.-licensed attorney. Either way, the decisions before filing (clearance, the form of the mark, and the description of goods and services) determine most of what the registration will be worth.

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